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Chennai: Skywatchers are in for a celestial treat as the last full moon of the year will appear as a brilliant "supermoon" on the night of December 4, reaching its peak illumination in the early hours of December 5.
While not a formal astronomical term, "supermoon" is a popular label for a full moon that coincides with the moon's closest approach to Earth, known as perigee. This month's lunar event will see the moon approximately 3,57,219 kilometers from Earth at 04:45 AM IST on December 5, when the Sun, Earth, and Moon perfectly align.
At this proximity, the lunar disk will appear about 7 percent larger and shine roughly 16 percent brighter than an average full moon, offering a notably more luminous spectacle.
Supermoon December 4 2025: When and Where to Watch
The best viewing opportunity for this "super full moon" will be on the evening of December 4. For the most dramatic effect, find a location with a clear view of the eastern horizon around the time of moonrise. Although the exact astronomical full moon occurs at 04:45 AM on December 5, the moon will appear impressively large and bright throughout the night.
A well-known phenomenon called the "moon illusion" can further enhance the experience. When the moon is low on the horizon—just after moonrise or before moonset—it can appear unnaturally large to the human eye. The exact reason for this optical effect remains a scientific mystery.
Understanding the 'Supermoon'
The moon's orbit around Earth is elliptical, not circular. A supermoon occurs when a full moon phase happens at or near perigee, the orbit's closest point to our planet. While a new moon can also be at perigee (making it a "supermoon" in technical terms), it is invisible from Earth. Therefore, public interest focuses on the visually striking full moon supermoons.
This year has featured several supermoons on October 7 and November 5, with December 4 marking the final one. The supermoon series will continue into the new year, with the next one scheduled for January 3, 2026. Looking further ahead, sky enthusiasts can anticipate supermoons on November 24 and December 24, 2026, followed by occurrences on January 22 and February 20, 2027.
